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Bioinstrumentation and BioMEMS Laboratory

Research Highlight:

Photo

Biosensors produce complex outputs which we interpret using machine learning algorithms. We can then visualize grouping of data based on patterns of biomarkers from the original samples.

PUBLICATIONS (selected, only breath analysis work listed here)

Thank you for taking the time to look through our total published work over many years. This page lists the comprehensive total of all of our published work. We publish in several different discipline areas, and we also provide links to sub-categories of our work for easy reference (listed below).

            To view our published work on non-invasive breath analysis, please click HERE.

            To view our published work on agriculture monitoring, please click HERE.

            To view our published work on micro/nano MEMS, instrumentation and novel sensor development, please click HERE.

            To view our published work on algorithms and data analysis, please click HERE.

BREATH ANALYSIS PUBLICATIONS

Rojas CA*, Marks SL, Borras E, Lesea H, McCartney MM, Coil D, Davis CE, Eisen JA. (2023) Characterization of the microbiome and volatile compounds in anal gland secretions from domestic cats (Felis catus) using metagenomics and metabolomics. Scientific Reports 13: 19382. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45997-1

Borras E, McCartney MM, Rojas DE, Hicks TL, Tran NK, Tham T, Juarez MM, Franzi L, Harper RW, Davis CE, Kenyon NJ*. (2023) Oxylipin concentration shift in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Journal of Breath Research 17: 047103. DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/acea3d

Fothergill DM*, Borras E, McCartney MM, Schelegle ES, Davis CE. (2023) Exhaled breath condensate profiles of US Navy divers following prolonged hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and nitrogen-oxygen (Nitrox) chamber exposures. Journal of Breath Research 17 037105. DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/acd715

Borras E, Wang Y, Shah P, Bellido K, Hamera HL, Arlen RA, McCartney MM, Portillo K, Zhao H, Davis CE, Turpen TH*. (2023) Active sampling of volatile chemicals for non-invasive classification of chicken eggs by sex early in incubation. PLoS One 18(5): e0285726. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285726

McCartney MM, Borras E, Rojas DE, Hicks TL, Hamera KL, Tran NK, Tham T, Juarez MM, Lopez E, Kenyon NJ, Davis CE*. (2022) Predominant SARS-CoV-2 variant impacts accuracy when screening for infection using exhaled breath vapor. Nature Communications Medicine 2: 158. DOI: 10.1038/s43856-022-00221-5

Hu S, McCartney MM, Arredondo J, Sankaran-Walters S, Borras E, Harper RW, Schivo M, Davis CE, Kenyon NJ, Dandekar S*. (2022) Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 in exhaled breath condensate samples for metabolomic analysis. Journal of Breath Research 16(1): 017102. DOI: doi.org/10.1088/1752-7163/ac3f24

Schmidt AJ, Salmon D, Pleil J, Thomas CLP, Davis CE*. (2022) IABR Symposium 2021 meeting report: breath standardization, sampling, and testing in a time of COVID-19. Journal of Breath Research 16(1): 010201. DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ac3096

Borras E, McCartney MM, Thompson CH, Meagher RJ, Kenyon NJ, Schivo M, Davis CE*. (2021) Detection of influenza viral infection biomarkers in exhaled breath condensate. Journal of Breath Research 15: 046004. DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ac1a61

McCartney MM, Linderholm AL, Yamaguchi MS, Falcon AK, Harper RW, Thompson GR, Ebeler SE, Kenyon NJ, Davis CE, Schivo M*. (2021) Predicting influenza and rhinovirus infections in airway cells utilizing volatile emissions. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 224(10): 1742-1750. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab205

Borras E, Mansoor JK, Walby WF, Weimer BC, Davis CE, Schelegle ES*. (2021) Novel LC-MS methodology to detect and quantify ascorbic and uric acid simultaneously using different biological matrices. Journal of Chromatography B 1168: 122588. DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122588

Davis CE*, Schivo M, Kenyon NJ. (2021) COMMENTARY: A breath of fresh air - the potential for COVID-19 breath diagnostics. EBioMedicine, THE LANCET 63 (2021): 103183. DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103183

Schmidt AJ, Borras E, Kenyon NJ, Davis CE*. (2020) Investigating the relationship between breath aerosol size and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) metabolomic content. Journal of Breath Research 14: 047104. DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/abb764

McCartney MM, Thompson CJ, Klein LR, Ngo JH, Seibel JD, Fabia F, Simms LA, Borras E, Young BS, Lara J, Turnlund MW, Nguyen AP, Kenyon NJ, Davis CE*. (2020) Breath carbonyl levels in a human population of seven hundred participants. Journal of Breath Research 14(4): 046005. DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ab8865

Schmidt AJ, Borras E, Nguyen A, Yeap D, Kenyon NJ, Davis CE*. (2020) Portable exhaled breath condensate metabolomics for daily monitoring of adolescent asthma. Journal of Breath Research 14(2): 026001. DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ab35b5

McCartney MM, Yamaguchi MS, Bowles PA, Gratch YS, Iyeras RK, Linderholm AL, Ebeler SE, Kenyon NJ, Schivo M, Harper RW, Goodwin P, Davis CE*. (2020) Volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions of CHO and T cells correlate to their expansion in bioreactors. Journal of Breath Research 14(1): 016002. DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ab3d23

Davis CE*, Hill JE, Frank M, McCartney MM, Schivo M, Bean H. (2020) Chapter 21: Breath Analysis and Respiratory Infections. Breathborne Biomarkers and the Human Volatilome (editors Beauchamp J, Davis CE, Pleil J), Elsevier. pp. 335-348. ISBN: 978-0-12-819967-1. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-819967-1.00021-9

Davis CE*, McCartney MM, Frank M, Schivo M. (2020) Chapter 26: Volatiles from cell cultures as in vitro models for breath research. Breathborne Biomarkers and the Human Volatilome (editors Beauchamp J, Davis CE, Pleil J), Elsevier. pp. 425-440. ISBN: 978-0-12-819967-1. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-819967-1.00026-8

Yeates L, Borras E, Cumeras R, Davis CE*. (2020) Chapter 28: Breath Analysis in Marine Mammals. Breathborne Biomarkers and the Human Volatilome (editors Beauchamp J, Davis CE, Pleil J), Elsevier. pp. 461-474. ISBN: 978-0-12-819967-1. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-819967-1.00028-1

Borras E, Cheng A, Wun T, Frank M, Schivo M, Davis CE*. (2019) Detecting opioid metabolites in exhaled breath condensate (EBC). Journal of Breath Research 13: 046014. DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ab35fd

Yamaguchi MS, Ganz HH, Cho AW, Zaw TH, Jospin G, McCartney MM, Davis CE, Eisen JA*, Coil DA. (2019) Bacteria isolated from bengal cat (Felis catus x Prionailurus bengalensis) anal sac secretions produce volatile compounds putatively associated with animal signaling. PLOS ONE 14(9): e0216846. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216846

Yamaguchi MS, McCartney MM, Falcon AK, Linderholm A, Ebeler SE, Kenyon NJ, Harper RW, Schivo M, Davis CE*. (2019) Modeling cellular metabolomic effects of oxidative stress impacts from hydrogen peroxide and cigarette smoke on human lung epithelial cells. Journal of Breath Research 13: 036014 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ab1fc4

Chau-Etchepare F, Hoerger J, Kuhn BT, Zeki A, Haczku A, Louie S, Kenyon NJ, Davis CE, Schivo M*. (2019) Viruses and non-allergen environmental triggers in asthma. Journal of Investigative Medicine 67: 1029-1041. DOI: 10.1136/jim-2019-001000

Zamuruyev KO, Schmidt AJ, Borras E, McCartney MM, Schivo M, Kenyon NJ, Delplanque JP, Davis CE*. (2018) Power efficient, self-cleaning hydrophilic condenser surface for portable exhaled breath condensate (EBC) metabolomic sampling. Journal of Breath Research 12: 036020. DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/aac5a5

Yamaguchi MS, McCartney MM, Linderholm AL, Ebeler SE, Schivo M, Davis CE*. (2018) Headspace sorptive extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method to measure volatile emissions from human airway cell cultures. Journal of Chromatography B (in press)

Zamuruyev KO, Borras E, Pettit DR, Aksenov AA, Simmons JD, Weimer BC, Schivo M, Kenyon NJ, Delplanque JP, Davis CE*. (2018) Effect of temperature control on the metabolite content in exhaled breath condensate. Analytica Chimica Acta 1006: 49-60. DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.12.025

Borras E, Aksenov AA, Baird M, Novick B, Schivo M, Zamuruyev KO, Pasamontes A, Parry C, Foutouhi S, Venn-Watson S, Weimer BC, Davis CE*. (2017) Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) methods adapted from human studies using longitudinal metabolomics for predicting early health alterations in dolphins. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 409(28), 6523-6536. DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0581-6

McCartney MM, Zrodnikov Y, Fung AG, LeVasseur MK, Pedersen JM, Zamuruyev KO, Aksenov AA, Kenyon NJ, Davis CE*. An easy to manufacture micro gas preconcentrator for chemical sensing applications ACS Sensors 2(8): 1167-1174. DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00289

Aksenov AA, Zamuruyev KO, Pasamontes A, Brown JF, Schivo M, Foutouhi S, Weimer BC, Kenyon NJ, Davis CE*. (2017) Analytical methodologies for broad metabolite coverage of exhaled breath condensate. Journal of Chromatography B 1061-1062: 17-25. DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.06.038

Pasamontes A, Aksenov AA, Schivo M, Rowles TK, Smith CR, Schwacke LH, Well RS, Yeates L, Venn-Watson S, Davis CE*. (2017) Non-invasive respiratory metabolite analysis associated with clinical disease in cetaceans: a Deepwater Horizon oil spill study. Environmental Science & Technology 51(10):5737-5746. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b06482

Schivo M, Aksenov AA, Pasamontes A, Cumeras R, Weisker S, Oberbauer AM, Davis CE*. (2017) A Rabbit Model for Assessment of Volatile Metabolite Changes Observed from Skin: a Pressure Ulcer Case Study. Journal of Breath Research (accepted, in press)

Zamuruyev KO, Aksenov AA, Pasamontes A, Brown JF, Pettit DR, Foutouhi S, Weimer BC, Schivo M, Kenyon NJ, Delplanque JP, Davis CE*. (2017) Human breath metabolomics using an optimized non-invasive respiratory sampler for health diagnostics. Journal of Breath Research 11(1): 016001. DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/11/1/016001

Hunter GW, Dweik RA, Makel DB, Grigsby CC, Mayes RS, Davis CE. Portable Breath Monitoring: A New Frontier in Personalized Health Care. Electrochemical Society ECS Interface Magazine (accepted, in press).

Zamuruyev KO, Baird M, Aksenov AA, Pasamonts A, Perry C, Foutouhi S, Venn-Watson S, Weimer BC, Delplanque JP, Davis CE*. (2016) Enhanced non-invasive respiratory sampling from bottlenose dolphins for breath metabolomics measurements. Journal of Breath Research 10(4): 046005. DOI: 10.1088/1752-7155/10/4/046005

Filipiak W, Mochalski P, Filipiak A, Ager C, Cumeras R, Davis CE, Agapiou A, Unterkofler K, Troppmair J. (2016) Arriving at the human volatilome: A review of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by different cell types. Current Medicinal Chemistry 23: 1-20.

Figueroa JA, Mansoor JK, Allen RP, Davis CE, Walby WF, Aksenov AA, Zhao W, Lewis WR, Schelegle ES*. (2015) Exhaled volatile organic compounds in individuals with a history of high altitude pulmonary edema and varying hypoxia-induced responses. Journal of Breath Research 9(2): 026004. DOI: 10.1088/1752-7155/9/2/026004

Kwan AM§, Fung AG§, Jansen PA, Schivo M, Kenyon NJ, Delplanque JP, Davis CE*. (2015) Personal lung function monitoring device for asthma patients. (§joint first authors) IEEE Sensors 15(4): 2238-2247. DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2014.2373134

Aksenov AA, Yeates L, Pasamontes A, Siebe CA, Zrodnikov Y, Simmons J, McCartney MM, Delplanque JP, Wells RS, Davis CE*. (2014) Metabolite content profiling of bottlenose dolphin exhaled breath. Analytical Chemistry 86(21): 10616-10624. DOI: 10.1021/ac5024217

Cumeras R§, Cheung WHK§, Goley D, Gulland F, Davis CE*. (2014) Chemical analysis of whale breath volatiles: a case study for non-invasive field health diagnostics of marine mammals. (§joint first authors) Metabolites 4(3): 790-806. DOI: 10.3390/metabo4030790

Schivo M, Aksenov AA, Linderholm AL, McCartney MM, Simmons J, Harper RW, Davis CE*. (2014) Volatile emanations from in vitro airway cells infected with human rhinovirus. Journal of Breath Research 8(3): 037110. DOI: 10.1088/1752-7155/8/3/037110

Aksenov AA, Sandrock CE, Zhao W, Sankaran S, Schivo M, Harper RH, Cardona C, Zheng X, Davis CE*. (2014) Cellular scent of influenza virus infection. ChemBioChem 15(7): 1040-1048. DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300695

Mansoor JK, Schelegle ES*, Davis CE, Walby WF, Zhao W, Aksenov AA, Pasamontes A, Figueroa J, Allen RL. (2014) Analysis of volatile compounds in exhaled breath condensate in patients with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension. PLoS One 9(4): e95331. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095331

Schivo M, Aksenov AA, Yeates LC, Pasamontes A, Davis CE*. (2013) Diabetes and the metabolic syndrome: possibilities of a new breath test in a dolphin model. Frontiers in Endocrinology (Nature Publishing Group) Volume 4: article 163. DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2013.00163

Davis CE*, Epton M, Frank M, Gryshuk A, Kenyon NJ. (2013) Emerging topics and new developments in the field: the 2012 International Breath Analysis Meeting. Journal of Breath Research 7(3): 039001. DOI: 10.1088/1752-7155/7/3/039001

Zrodnikov Y, Zamuruyev K, Pedersen JD, Fung AG, Peirano DJ, Schirle MJ, Panigrahy A, Pasamontes A, Cheung WHK, Aksenov AA, Schivo M, Kenyon NJ, Delplanque JP, Davis CE*. (2013) Design criteria for portable point-of-care breath analysis systems. Proceedings of 17th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems 16-20 JUN 2013, Barcelona, Spain. DOI: 10.1109/Transducers.2013.6627096

Straume T*, Loftus DJ, Li J, Coleman MA, Davis CE, McMonigal KA, Piccini M, Singh AK. (2013) Biomarker-detection technologies for comprehensive medical diagnosis during deep-space missions. Recent Patents in Space Biotechnology 3: 13-23. DOI: 10.2174/18776116112029990009

Hunt KE*, Moore MJ, Rolland RM, Kellar N, Hall AJ, Kershaw J, Raverty SA, Davis CE, Yeates L, Fauquier D, Kraus S. (2013) Opening the biggest black box: new approaches to the study of conservation physiology of large whales. Conservation Physiology 1: cot006-cot006. DOI: 10.1093/conphys/cot006

Schivo M, Seichter F, Aksenov AA, Pasamontes A, Peirano DJ, Mizaikoff B, Kenyon NJ, Davis CE*. (2013) Mobile instrumentation platform to distinguish airway disorders. Journal of Breath Research 7(1):017113. DOI: 10.1088/1752-7155/7/1/017113

Peirano DJ, Aksenov AA, Pasamontes A, Davis CE*. (2013) Chapter 18: Approaches for Establishing Methodologies in Metabolomic Studies for Clinical Diagnostics. Medical Applications of Artificial Intelligence (ed. Arvin Agah). CRC Press, Taylor Francis Group. pp. 279-304. ISBN: 978-1-439-88433-1. LINK

Aksenov AA, Schivo M, Bardaweel H, Zrodnikov Y, Kwan AM, Zamuruyev K, Cheung WHK, Peirano DJ, Davis CE*. (2013) Chapter 8. Volatile organic compounds in human breath: biogenic origin and point-of-care analysis approaches. Volatile Biomarkers: Non-invasive Diagnosis in Physiology and Medicine (ed. David Smith, Anton Amann). Elsevier. pp. 129-154. ISBN: 978-0-444-62613-4. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-44-462613-4.00008-8

Aksenov AA§, Gojova A§, Zhao W, Morgan JT, Sankaran S, Sandrock C, Davis CE*. (2012) Characterization of volatile organic compounds in human leukocyte antigen heterologous expression systems: a cell's "chemical odor fingerprint" (§joint first authors) ChemBioChem 13(7): 1053-1059. DOI: 10.1002/c bic.201200011

Lay-Ekuakille A, Davis CE, Kanoun O, Li Z, Trabacca A. (2012) Editorial: Special Issue on Sensors for noninvasive physiological monitoring. IEEE Sensors Journal 12(3): 413-414. DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2011.2168299

Bumatay A§, Chan R§, Lauher K§, Kwan AM, Stoltz T, Delplanque JP, Kenyon NJ, Davis CE*. (2012) Coupled mobile phone platform with peak flow meter enables real-time lung function assessment. (§joint first authors) IEEE Sensors Journal 12(3): 685-691. DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2011.2143403

Panigrahy A, Delplanque JP, Davis CE*. (2012) Chapter 7: Future directions for breath sensors. Integrated Microsystems and Nanotechnology: MEMS, Biological, Photonics and Sensors Platform. (editor K. Iniewski). pp. 171-199. CRC Press, Taylor Francis Group. ISBN: 978-1439836200. LINK

Schivo M, Akesnov AA, Bardaweel H, Zhao W, Kenyon NJ, Davis CE*. (2011) Building biomarker libraries with novel chemical sensors: correlating differential mobility spectrometer signal outputs with mass spectrometry data. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 18 (2011) 212003 (doi:10.1088/1757-899X/18/21/212003) DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/18/21/212003

Fortenko O, Zeki A, Schuster G, Davis CE, Allayee H, Stephensen CB, Kenyon NJ*. (2011) Can fish oil supplements be used to treat severe asthmatic patients? California Agriculture 65(3): 106-111. DOI: 10.3733/ca.v065n03pXX

Strand N, Bhushan A, Schivo M, Kenyon N, Davis CE*. (2010) Chemically polymerized polypyrrole for on-chip concentration of volatile breath metabolites. Sensors and Actuators B 143(2): 516-523. DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2009.09.052

Nording M, Yang J, Hegedus CM, Bhushan A, Kenyon NJ, Davis CE, Hammock BD*. (2010) Endogenous levels of five fatty acid metabolites in exhaled breath condensate to monitor for asthma by high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. IEEE Sensors Journal special issue "Sensors for Breath Analysis" 10(1): 123-130. DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2009.2035736

Davis CE*, Bogan MJ, Sankaran S, Molina MA, Loyola BR, Zhao W, Benner WH, Schivo M, Farquar GR, Kenyon NJ, Frank M. (2010) Volatile and non-volatile analysis of biomarkers in human breath using differential mobility spectrometry. IEEE Sensors Journal special issue "Sensors for Breath Analysis" 10(1): 114-122. DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2009.2033562

Davis CE*, Frank M*, Mizaikoff B*, Oser H*. (2010) EDITORIAL: The future of sensors and instrumentation for human breath analysis. IEEE Sensors Journal special issue "Sensors for Breath Analysis" 10(1): 3-6. DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2009.2035675

Zhao W, Bhushan A, Schivo M, Kenyon NJ, Davis CE*. (2010) Miniature differential mobility spectrometry (DMS) advances towards portable autonomous health diagnostic systems. Wearable and Autonomous Biomedical Devices and Systems: New issues and Characterization. (editors S.C. Mukhopadhyay and A. Lay-Ekuakille) pp. 144-165. Springer-Verlag (Berlin, Heidelberg), ISBN: 978-3-642-05166-1. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-15687-8_3

Simon MG, Davis CE*. (2010) Instrumentation and sensors for human breath analysis. Advances in Biomedical Sensing, Measurements, Instrumentation and Systems (eds. S.C. Mukhopadhyay and A. Lay-Ekuakille) pp. 144-165. Springer-Verlag Publishers (Berlin, Heidelberg). ISBN: 978-3-642-05166-1. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-05167-8_10

Strand NC, Davis CE*. (2009) Analytical methods in exhaled breath diagnostics. Separation Science 1(4): 20-28. (feature article, cover of issue)

Cardona CJ*, Xing Z, Sandrock CE, Davis CE. (2009) Avian influenza in birds and animals. Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 32(4): 255-273. DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2008.01.001

Molina M, Zhao W, Sankaran S, Schivo M, Kenyon NJ, Davis CE*. (2008) Design-of-experiment optimization of exhaled breath condensate analysis using a miniature differential mobility spectrometer (DMS). Analytica Chimica Acta 628: 155-161. DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.09.010

Loyola B, Bhushan A, Schivo M, Kenyon NJ, Davis CE*. (2008) Temperature changes in exhaled breath condensate collection devices may affect observed biomarker concentrations. Journal of Breath Research 2: 1-7. DOI: 10.1088/1752-7155/2/3/037005

Ayer S, Zhao W, Davis CE*. (2008) Differentiation of proteins and viruses using pyrolysis gas chromatography differential mobility spectrometry (PY/GC/DMS) and pattern recognition. IEEE Sensors Journal 8(9): 1586-1592. DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2008.923586

Abramowitch S, Cooper R, Dasco C, Davis C, Hampapur A, Mataric M, Peckham H, Wanagat J, Weinrich M, Barron N. (2008) "Develop Technological Interventions to Overcome Barriers to Independence and Community Participation" The National Academies Keck Futures Initiative: The Future of Human Healthspan: Demography, Evolution, Medicine, and Bioengineering, Task Group Summaries. The National Academies Press (Washington, DC), pp. 57-72. ISBN: 10: 0309115590. LINK

Sankaran S, Loyola B, Zhao W, Morgan JT, Molina M, Schivo M, Kenyon NJ, Davis CE*. (2007) Micromachined differential mobility spectrometers for breath analysis. Sensors, 2007 IEEE 1: 16-19. DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2007.4388324

Frank M*, Farquar G, Adams C, Bogan M, Martin A, Benner H, Spadaccini C, Steele P, Sankaran S, Loyola B, Morgan J, Davis CE. (2007) Modular sampling and analysis techniques for real-time analysis of human breath. Sensors, 2007 IEEE 1: 10-13. DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2007.4388322

Krebs MD, Mansfield B, Yip P, Cohen SJ, Sonenshein AL, Hitt B, Davis CE*. (2006) Spore biomarkers differentiate between closely-related Bacillus species using differential mobility spectrometry. Biomolecular Engineering 23(2): 119-127. DOI: 10.1016/j.bioeng.2005.12.003

Morgan JT, Davis CE*. (2006) Differential mobility spectrometry applications in homeland security, clinical diagnostics and drug discovery. 2006 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. November 5-10, 2006, Chicago, Illinois. IMECE2006-15937.

Shnayderman M, Mansfield B, Yip P, Clark HA, Krebs MD, Cohen SJ, Zeskind JE, Ryan ET, Dorkin HL, Callahan MV, Stair TO, Gelfand JA, Gill CJ, Hitt B, Davis CE*. (2005) Species-specific bacteria identification using differential mobility spectrometry and bioinformatics pattern recognition. Analytical Chemistry 77(18): 5930-5937. DOI: 10.1021/ac050348i

Krebs MD, Zapata AM, Nazarov EG, Miller RA, Costa IS, Sonenshein AL, Davis CE*. (2005) Detection of biological and chemical agents using differential mobility spectrometry (DMS). IEEE Sensors Journal, Special Edition on Anti-Terrorism 5(4): 696-703. DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2005.845515

Davis CE*, Kang JM, Dube CE, Borenstein JT, Nazarov EG, Miller RA, Zapata AM. (2003) Spore biomarker detection using a MEMS Differential Mobility Spectrometer. The 12th IEEE International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Microsystems Conference, IEEE Proceedings Vol 2: 1233-1238. DOI: 10.1109/SENSOR.2003.1216995